Learned by Reading
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
This makes cell lineage analysis a potentially useful tool for assessing mutant phenotypes in C. elegans.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (NP (DT This))
(VP (VBZ makes)
(S (NP (NN cell) (NN lineage) (NN analysis))
(NP (NP (DT a)
(ADJP (RB potentially) (JJ useful)) (NN tool))
(PP (IN for)
(S (VP (VBG assessing)
(NP (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes))
(PP (IN in)
(NP (NNP C) (. .) (NNS elegans)))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
Based on its mutant phenotypes, genetic interactions and protein domain structure, we propose that MAX – 1 may modulate UNC – 5 activity by binding to UNC – 5 and may also act as a scaffold to transduce UNC – 5 signals in axon repulsion.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (PP (VBN Based)
(PP (IN on)
(NP (PRP$ its) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes) (, ,) (JJ genetic) (NNS interactions) (CC and) (NN protein) (NN domain) (NN structure))))
(, ,)
(NP (PRP we))
(VP (VB propose)
(SBAR (IN that)
(S (NP (NNP MAX) (: -) (CD 1))
(VP (MD may)
(VP (VBP modulate)
(NP (NNP UNC) (PRN (: -)
(NP (NP (CD 5) (NN activity))
(PP (IN by)
(S (VP (VP (VBG binding)
(PP (TO to)
(NP (NNP UNC) (: -) (CD 5))))
(CC and)
(VP (MD may) (ADVP (RB also))
(VP (VB act)
(PP (IN as)
(NP (DT a) (NN scaffold)))
(S (VP (TO to)
(VP (VB transduce)
(NP (NNP UNC)))))
(: -)) (CD 5) (NNS signals))
(PP (IN in)
(NP (NNP axon) (NN repulsion)))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
In order to determine the role of mir – 237 during nematode development, the expression patterns and mutant phenotypes for mir – 237 were obtained.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (SBAR (IN In) (NN order)
(S (VP (TO to)
(VP (VB determine)
(NP (NP (DT the) (NN role))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (NNP mir)))
(PRN (: -)
(NP (NP (CD 237))
(PP (IN during)
(NP (NP (NN nematode) (NN development)) (, ,)
(NP (DT the) (NN expression) (NNS patterns)) (CC and)
(NP (NP (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes))
(PP (IN for)
(NP (NN mir))))
(: -)) (CD 237)))
(VP (AUX were)
(VP (VBN obtained)))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
We had also shown that gap junctions are necessary for the full expression of the mutant phenotypes.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (NP (PRP We))
(VP (AUX had) (ADVP (RB also))
(VP (VBN shown)
(SBAR (IN that)
(S (NP (NN gap) (NNS junctions))
(VP (AUX are)
(ADJP (JJ necessary)
(PP (IN for)
(NP (NP (DT the) (JJ full) (NN expression))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (DT the) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes)))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
We are killing AFD, a thermosensory candidate proposed by an EM analysis (6), of L1 animals and testing whether the operated animals mimic any of the thermotaxis – defective mutant phenotypes in adult.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (NP (PRP We))
(VP (AUX are)
(VP (VP (VBG killing)
(NP (NP (NNP AFD)) (, ,)
(NP (NP (DT a) (JJ thermosensory) (NN candidate))
(VP (VBN proposed)
(PP (IN by)
(NP (DT an) (NNP EM) (NN analysis)))))
(PRN (-LRB- -LRB-)
(NP (CD 6)) (-RRB- -RRB-)) (, ,)
(PP (IN of)
(NP (NNP L1) (NNS animals)))))
(CC and)
(VP (VBG testing)
(SBAR (IN whether)
(S (NP (DT the) (VBN operated) (NNS animals))
(VP (VBP mimic)
(NP (NP (DT any))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (NP (DT the) (NNS thermotaxis)) (: -)
(NP (NP (JJ defective) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes))
(PP (IN in)
(ADJP (JJ adult))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
We determined the identity of the dyf – 2 gene by transgenic rescue of mutant phenotypes and by sequencing of mutant alleles.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (NP (PRP We))
(VP (VBD determined)
(NP (NP (DT the) (NN identity))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (NP (DT the) (NN dyf)) (: -)
(NP (CD 2) (NN gene)))))
(PP (PP (IN by)
(NP (NP (NNP transgenic) (NN rescue))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes)))))
(CC and)
(PP (IN by)
(NP (NP (NN sequencing))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (JJ mutant) (VBZ alleles))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
The functions of these genes might be partially overlapped because the mutant phenotypes are similar to each other.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (NP (NP (DT The) (NNS functions))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (DT these) (NNS genes))))
(VP (MD might)
(VP (AUX be)
(VP (ADVP (RB partially)) (VBN overlapped)
(SBAR (IN because)
(S (NP (DT the) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes))
(VP (AUX are)
(ADJP (JJ similar)
(PP (TO to)
(NP (DT each) (JJ other))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
The location of the mutation and the mutant phenotypes suggest that ju89 alters interactions between MAPs and the TBA – 1 C terminal region.
(Parse)
(S1 (FRAG (NP (NP (DT The) (NN location))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (DT the) (NN mutation))))
(S (CC and)
(NP (DT the) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes))
(VP (VBP suggest)
(SBAR (IN that)
(S (NP (CD ju89))
(VP (VBZ alters)
(NP (NP (NNS interactions))
(PP (IN between)
(NP (NP (NNS MAPs)) (CC and)
(NP (DT the) (NNP TBA))))
(: -)
(NP (CD 1) (NNP C) (JJ terminal) (NN region)) (. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
The kin1 mutant phenotypes were complemented by the wild – type KIN1 gene.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (NP (DT The) (CD kin1) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes))
(VP (AUX were)
(VP (VBN complemented)
(PP (IN by)
(NP (DT the) (JJ wild) (: -) (NN type) (NN KIN1) (NN gene)))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
Introduction of a wild – type copy of ceh – 14 into transgenic worms rescued the mutant phenotypes.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (NP (NP (NN Introduction))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (NP (DT a) (JJ wild) (: -) (NN type) (NN copy))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (CD ceh) (: -) (CD 14)))))
(PP (IN into)
(NP (NNP transgenic) (NNS worms))))
(VP (VBD rescued)
(NP (DT the) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes)))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
To facilitate this process, the students made mating plates and were tested on their ability to identify different sexes, stages, and mutant phenotypes.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (S (VP (TO To)
(VP (VB facilitate)
(NP (DT this) (NN process)))))
(, ,)
(NP (DT the) (NNS students))
(VP (VP (VBD made)
(NP (NN mating) (NNS plates)))
(CC and)
(VP (AUX were)
(VP (VBN tested)
(PP (IN on)
(NP (PRP$ their) (NN ability)
(S (VP (TO to)
(VP (VB identify)
(NP (NP (JJ different) (NNS sexes)) (, ,)
(NP (NNS stages)) (, ,) (CC and)
(NP (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes)))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
We are further characterizing the mutant phenotypes and screening for a T14G8.1 deletion.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (NP (PRP We))
(VP (AUX are) (ADVP (RB further))
(VP (VBG characterizing)
(NP (DT the) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes) (CC and) (NN screening))
(PP (IN for)
(NP (DT a) (NNP T14G8.1) (NN deletion)))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
EOR – 1 and EOR – 2 appear to function together as the two proteins have similar mutant phenotypes, expression patterns, and identical genetic interactions with other Ras pathway components.
(Parse)
(S1 (NP (NN EOR) (: -)
(NP (CD 1) (CC and) (NN EOR)) (: -)
(S (LST (LS 2))
(VP (VBP appear)
(S (VP (TO to)
(VP (VB function) (ADVP (RB together))
(SBAR (IN as)
(S (NP (DT the) (CD two) (NNS proteins))
(VP (VBP have)
(NP (NP (JJ similar) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes)) (, ,)
(NP (NN expression) (NNS patterns)) (, ,) (CC and)
(NP (JJ identical) (JJ genetic) (NNS interactions)))
(PP (IN with)
(NP (JJ other) (NNP Ras) (NN pathway) (NNS components)))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
We present here that genetic ablation with mec – 4 (d) is an efficient means of indicating likely mutant phenotypes of a gene of interest, along with obtaining an idea about its expression pattern, facilitating reverse genetic studies.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (S (NP (PRP We))
(VP (VBP present)
(NP (RB here) (DT that) (JJ genetic) (NN ablation))
(PP (IN with)
(NP (NN mec)))))
(: -)
(S (NP (NP (CD 4)) (PRN (-LRB- -LRB-)
(NP (NNP d)) (-RRB- -RRB-)))
(VP (AUX is)
(NP (NP (DT an) (JJ efficient) (NN means))
(PP (IN of)
(S (VP (VBG indicating)
(NP (NP (JJ likely) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (NP (DT a) (NN gene))
(PP (IN of)
(S (NP (NN interest)) (, ,)
(PP (IN along)
(PP (IN with)
(S (VP (VBG obtaining)
(NP (DT an) (NN idea))
(PP (IN about)
(NP (PRP$ its) (NN expression) (NN pattern))))
(, ,)
(VP (VBG facilitating)
(NP (JJ reverse) (JJ genetic) (NNS studies)))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
These two genes were isolated in the Priess lab based on mutant phenotypes that look indistinguishable from the embryonic mutant phenotypes caused by glp – 1 mutations.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (NP (DT These) (CD two) (NNS genes))
(VP (AUX were)
(VP (VBN isolated)
(PP (IN in)
(NP (DT the) (NNP Priess) (NN lab)))
(PP (VBN based)
(PP (IN on)
(NP (NP (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes))
(SBAR (WHNP (WDT that))
(S (VP (VBP look)
(ADJP (JJ indistinguishable)
(PP (IN from)
(NP (NP (DT the) (JJ embryonic) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes))
(VP (VBN caused)
(PP (IN by)
(NP (NP (NN glp)) (: -)
(NP (CD 1) (NNS mutations))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
The sequencing of the genome, which will allow researchers to make comparisons with other mammals and identify regions conserved by evolution, is probably the most important project, but many other initiatives, such as the massive production of point or chromosomal mutations associated with comprehensive and standardized phenotyping of the mutant phenotypes, will help annotation of the approximately 25,000 genes packed in the mouse genome.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (S (NP (NP (DT The) (NN sequencing))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (DT the) (NN genome)))
(, ,)
(SBAR (WHNP (WDT which))
(S (VP (MD will)
(VP (VB allow)
(S (NP (NNS researchers))
(VP (TO to)
(VP (VP (VB make)
(NP (NP (NNS comparisons))
(PP (IN with)
(NP (JJ other) (NNS mammals)))))
(CC and)
(VP (VB identify)
(NP (NP (NNS regions))
(VP (VBN conserved)
(PP (IN by)
(NP (NN evolution))))
(, ,))
(VP (AUX is) (ADVP (RB probably))
(NP (DT the)
(ADJP (RBS most) (JJ important)) (NN project))))
(, ,) (CC but)
(S (NP (NP (JJ many) (JJ other) (NNS initiatives)) (, ,)
(PP (JJ such) (IN as)
(NP (NP (DT the) (JJ massive) (NN production))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (NP (JJ point) (CC or) (JJ chromosomal) (NNS mutations))
(VP (VBN associated)
(PP (IN with)
(NP (NP (JJ comprehensive) (CC and) (JJ standardized) (NN phenotyping))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (DT the) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes))))
(, ,))
(VP (MD will)
(VP (VB help)
(NP (NP (NN annotation))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (NP (DT the) (QP (RB approximately) (CD 25,000)) (NNS genes))
(VP (VBN packed)
(PP (IN in)
(NP (DT the) (NN mouse) (NN genome))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
These mutant phenotypes are being generated via EMS mutagenesis of the C. elegans UL1 strain, which has the pes – 1 / lacZ gene fusion chromosomally integrated.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (NP (DT These) (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes))
(VP (AUX are)
(VP (AUXG being)
(VP (VBN generated)
(PP (IN via)
(NP (NP (NNP EMS) (NNS mutagenesis))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (NP (DT the) (NNP C) (. .) (NNS elegans))
(NP (NNP UL1) (NN strain)) (, ,)
(SBAR (WHNP (WDT which))
(S (VP (AUX has)
(NP (NP (DT the) (NNS pes)) (: -)
(NP (NP (CD 1) (NNP /) (NNP lacZ) (NN gene) (NN fusion))
(ADJP (RB chromosomally) (JJ integrated)))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
The Plant Ontology (trade mark) Consortium is expanding the paradigm of the Gene Ontology (trade mark) Consortium (this website Various trait ontologies (agronomic traits, mutant phenotypes, phenotypes, traits, and QTL) and plant ontologies (plant development, anatomy [incl. morphology]) for several taxa (Arabidopsis, maize / corn / Zea mays and rice / Oryza) are under development.
(Parse)
(S1 (S (NP (DT The) (NNP Plant) (NNP Ontology) (PRN (-LRB- -LRB-) (NN trade) (NN mark) (-RRB- -RRB-)) (NNP Consortium))
(VP (VBZ is)
(VP (VBG expanding)
(NP (NP (DT the) (NN paradigm))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (NP (DT the) (NNP Gene) (NNP Ontology) (PRN (-LRB- -LRB-)
(NP (NN trade) (NN mark)) (-RRB- -RRB-)) (NNP Consortium)) (PRN (-LRB- -LRB-)
(NP (NP (NP (NP (DT this) (JJ website) (JJ Various) (NN trait) (NNS ontologies)) (PRN (-LRB- -LRB-)
(NP (NP (JJ agronomic) (NNS traits)) (, ,)
(NP (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes)) (, ,)
(NP (NNS phenotypes)) (, ,)
(NP (NNS traits)) (, ,) (CC and)
(NP (NNP QTL)))
(-RRB- -RRB-)))
(CC and)
(NP (NN plant) (NNS ontologies)))
(-LRB- -LRB-)
(NP (NN plant) (NN development)) (, ,)
(NP (JJ anatomy) (JJ -LSB-) (VBG incl.) (NNS morphology) (JJ -RSB-)))
(-RRB- -RRB-)))))
(SBAR (IN for)
(S (NP (NP (JJ several) (NNS taxa)) (PRN (-LRB- -LRB-)
(NP (NNP Arabidopsis)) (, ,)
(NP (NP (JJ maize) (NNP /) (NN corn) (NNP /) (NNP Zea) (NNP mays)) (CC and)
(NP (NN rice) (NNP /) (NNP Oryza)))
(-RRB- -RRB-)))
(VP (AUX are)
(PP (IN under)
(NP (NN development)))))
(. .)))
In the ICWSM 2009 Weblog Corpus:
These results suggest that the dysfunction of the cnp – 3 enhances the calcineurin loss – of – function mutant phenotypes and thus, the cnp – 3 genetically interacts with calcineurin.”
(Parse)
(S1 (S (NP (DT These) (NNS results))
(VP (VBP suggest)
(SBAR (IN that)
(S (NP (NP (DT the) (NN dysfunction))
(PP (IN of)
(NP (NP (DT the) (NNS cnp)) (: -)
(NP (CD 3)))))
(VP (VBZ enhances)
(NP (DT the) (JJ calcineurin) (NN loss)))
(: -) (FRAG (PP (IN of)) (: -)
(S (S (VP (VB function)
(NP (JJ mutant) (NNS phenotypes))))
(CC and)
(S (ADVP (RB thus)) (, ,)
(NP (DT the) (NN cnp)) (: -)
(NP (CD 3)) (ADVP (RB genetically))
(VP (VBZ interacts)
(PP (IN with)
(NP (NN calcineurin)))
(. .) ('' ') ('' '))))
And 162 more sentences.