Doctrines of (stare decisis) can be inapplicable to facts of an appeal.
A doctrine of equitable estoppel may preclude a party from asserting in litigation.
An appellant may be precluded by a doctrine of collateral estoppel.
A doctrine may preclude a party from establishing an essential element of a claim.
A board may er in relying on a doctrine of equitable estoppel.
A doctrine of equitable estoppel may be invoked against a federal government.
A doctrine may apply to a decision of an administrative agency.